U.S. Senator Roger Wicker (R-Miss.), U.S. Senator Peter Welch (D-Vt.), and U.S. Representative Harriet Hageman (R-WY-AL) today introduced the Research and Oversight of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Courts Act of 2026, bipartisan, bicameral legislation to establish a task force composed of judicial experts to examine the use of AI speech-to-text and automatic speech recognition (ASR) technologies in the United States federal courts.
“Artificial intelligence capabilities continue to expand and become part of daily life. Federal courts have begun using this technology to improve their processes. This legislation would examine the legal, technical, and constitutional implications of AI in the U.S. judicial system. Ensuring accuracy is critical to fair justice,” said Senator Wicker.
“As the Senate’s only former public defender, I know it firsthand: Court reporters and captioners are irreplaceable. When it comes to the use of AI in the courtroom, there are still substantial privacy and civil liberty concerns that need to be addressed. Accuracy, privacy, and security are paramount,” said Senator Welch. “It is critical we allow experts who are actively working in the courts to weigh in on use of emerging AI speech-to-text services and technologies.”
“Artificial intelligence is being integrated into every aspect of our society in the 21st century, including our court systems,” said Rep. Hageman. “As an attorney for over three decades, I know our justice system demands precision and security. Congress must protect the integrity of our courts with vigorous oversight that remains up to date with emerging technologies.”
The Research and Oversight of AI in Courts Act would create a task force to review:
- The benefits and risks of AI speech-to-text and automatic speech recognition technologies;
- The impact on court record accuracy and litigants’ constitutional rights;
- Cost implications for courts and litigants; and
- Cybersecurity and data integrity risks, including vendor selection guidance and privacy safeguards.
The task force will be required to submit a report to the Attorney General and Congress on its findings. The report is due 18 months after the establishment of the task force.
The Research and Oversight of AI in Courts Act is supported by the National Court Reporters Association (NCRA).
“Court reporters undergo extensive training and certification to provide the precise, secure transcription services our justice system requires,” said Dave Wenhold, Executive Director, NCRA. “While technology continues to evolve, human expertise remains irreplaceable in capturing complex legal proceedings.”
